It is important to realize that there are two motional effects that need to be considered in order to understand electromagnetic (EM) transmission through the propagation medium. First, there is a classical Propagation Time Asymmetry (PTA) around a moving source, which is the dominant effect that can be measured instantaneously. Then at high speed, in addition to the basic classical PTA effect, a Lorentz contraction (LC) of both time and space occurs when moving through the medium. Time slows and systems shrink in the direction of motion, but this effect must accumulate over time in order to be measured at speeds available to us on earth.

Lorentz (1899), with help from Poincaré (1900), developed the fundamental EM motional wave theory based on Maxwell’s (1865) vacuum medium, for both classical and relativistic effects. Through the Lorentz Transform (LT) the measured motional properties are predicted. At low speeds, classical and EM waves become virtually identical, as the same medium based PTA dominates both types of motion. So in spite of Einstein’s ether-less claim, there is nothing special regarding EM waves, all waves require a propagation medium and create PTA the same as all causal wave theories. Notionally, changes in the LT, with speed, can be expressed by the incremental equation:

∆LT=(∆PTA)classical+(∆LC)relativistic     (1)

The above expression is determined through the causal solution of its wave equation, using a medium with finite properties, the same as any other wave propagation theory. There is no other rational outcome; Lorentz predicts no ether-less properties. He predicts measured events according to the system’s instantaneous motional interaction with the medium. The theory is causal, the cause (source event) must always occur before the effect (observed event), which is not necessarily the case for the ether-less aspect of Einstein’s theory. As the light speed does not change with motion in the moving frame, PTA is the vital confirmation of motion with respect to the medium.

Lorentz’s motional transformation process is fundamental; it is not the same as Special Relativity (SR)(1905), which has two aspects. One aspect of SR claims no propagation medium, predicting ether-less observations that are non causal and cannot be measured. The other aspect predicts measured causal observations through its field equations based on a medium. When SR is claimed to have been verified, it is actually the LT or medium based SR version that is usually measured, not the ether-less non causal aspect.

It’s irrational to accept that EM systems are somehow unique, that Maxwell’s propagation medium exists only for stationary systems, but disappears when the systems are set in motion. Einstein’s believed in an inertial frame, upon which his ether-less relativity is based. However, his ether-less frame provides no answer on how light and gravity are transmitted across the cosmos and cannot identify any authority allowing the order between cause and effect to be reversed. It is correct that Einstein’s constant motion inertial frame, where the mechanics and speed of light are invariant, is non-preferred (not unique), but his inertial frame cannot predict observed motion. To observe the events requires the propagation medium to be restored to create PTA and allow the events to reach the observer.

The propagation defined through the causal solution of the wave equation, must always be relative to the propagation medium, not relative to the moving frame as Einstein believed. This is Einstein’s basic error; wave propagation must always be relative to the preferred reference frame – the propagation medium. The moving frame is not a propagation frame. Its propagation speed remains invariant only because both time and structure contract by exactly the same ratio through motion with respect to the medium, maintaining the speed of light in the moving frame.

If the variant PTA effect, for EM systems in motion, had been acknowledged in 1905, it could have prevented Einstein’s invariant non causal ether-less aspect of relativity from developing. All EM motional observations can be predicted directly (without Einstein’s SR) by simply using the medium based motional classical wave equation, modified additionally, for high speed motion, by the medium based LT relativistic contraction, establishing the redundancy of Einstein’s ether-less relativity.

Attempting to eliminate the medium violates well established physical principles, preventing a causal solution of the wave equation, and removing the propagating means for waves that produce the observed effect (transmission of energy and information). There is no justification for removing the medium, Einstein it appears, through his inertial frame misunderstood the basic wave propagation process. Besides claiming no propagation medium, he did not include the complete general description of EM wave emission, propagation and reception. Lorentz’s medium based motional theory is extended by New Relativity’s (NR’s) wave equation solution to distinguish between source emission and observer reception, for systems in motion relative to the medium.

On Earth, motional effects, without involving particle accelerators or particles from outer space, are predicted by the medium based classical wave theory, i.e. just the PTA part of equation 1. Relativistic and gravitational contributions have little effect on the instantaneous PTA disturbance as shown in equation 3.4 in the Main Summary, included in this website. It can be seen that it is the classical PTA motional effect, which is the basic feature that dominates. These effects are multiplicative; the relativistic and gravitational effects are a small modifying effect of the PTA at speeds and gravitational strengths available on Earth, particularly for small integration (measurement) times.